Utilizator:Plinul cel tanar/Articole în lucru

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

The mainstream interpretation of the ethnonim Blackumen or Blockumen in Old Norse is Wallachian (Romanian)[5], [6], [7],[8], though minority views interpreting it as Black Cuman do exist{{cite book | last = Schütz | first = István | title = Fehér foltok a Balkánon - Bevezetés az albanológiába és a balkanisztikába (Blank Spots in the Balkans - An Introduction to the Albanology and the Balkan Studies) | publisher = Balassi Kiadó | year = 2002 | location = Budapest | url = http://mek.oszk.hu/03500/03577/03577.pdf | isbn = 965 506 472 1</ref>/ on his journey. God help the soul of Rodfod. God betray those who betrayed him /Rodfos/.[9].

A runestone from the Sjonhem cemetery in Gotland dating from the 11th century commemorates a merchant Rodfos who was traveling to Constantinople through “The land of the Vlachs" where he was killed. The geographic region in question is clearly North of the Danube.[10]

„Rodvisl and Rodälv raised this stone for their three sons. This one after Rodfos. He /Rodfos/ was betrayed by the Blokumenn /Vlachs or Black Cumans[11][12]/ on his journey. God help the soul of Rodfod. God betray those who betrayed him /Rodfos/.[13]

An early 13th century biography of St. Olaf of Norway, now preserved in the 14th century manuscript Flatejarbok, mentions Vlachs or Black Cumans[14] (Blokumenn) as being Sviatopolk’s allies (in the early 11th century).[15]

Note modificare

  1. ^ Knud Hannestad, Varangian Problems, Munksgaard, 1970, p. 128; ISBN: 8716004566, 9788716004567
  2. ^ Judith Jesch, Ships and Men in the Late Viking Age, Boydell & Brewer, 2001, p. 257 - 258; ISBN 0851158269, 9780851158266
  3. ^ Sven Birger Fredrik Jansson, Peter Foote, Bengt A. Lundberg, Runes in Sweden Gidlunds, 1987, p.63, ISBN 917844067X, 9789178440672
  4. ^ Vlad Georgescu, Matei Călinescu, The Romanians: A History, Ohio State University Press, 1991, p. 91
  5. ^ Knud Hannestad, Varangian Problems, Munksgaard, 1970, p. 128; ISBN: 8716004566, 9788716004567
  6. ^ Judith Jesch, Ships and Men in the Late Viking Age, Boydell & Brewer, 2001, p. 257 - 258; ISBN 0851158269, 9780851158266
  7. ^ Sven Birger Fredrik Jansson, Peter Foote, Bengt A. Lundberg, Runes in Sweden Gidlunds, 1987, p.63, ISBN 917844067X, 9789178440672
  8. ^ Vlad Georgescu, Matei Călinescu, The Romanians: A History, Ohio State University Press, 1991, p. 91
  9. ^ http://www.guteinfo.com/evenemang/?id=2584
  10. ^ Eroare la citare: Etichetă <ref> invalidă; niciun text nu a fost furnizat pentru referințele numite daco-romanian
  11. ^ http://www.patzinakia.ro/index2.html
  12. ^ {{cite book | last = Schütz | first = István | title = Fehér foltok a Balkánon - Bevezetés az albanológiába és a balkanisztikába (Blank Spots in the Balkans - An Introduction to the Albanology and the Balkan Studies) | publisher = Balassi Kiadó | year = 2002 | location = Budapest | url = http://mek.oszk.hu/03500/03577/03577.pdf | isbn = 965 506 472 1
  13. ^ http://www.guteinfo.com/evenemang/?id=2584
  14. ^ {{cite book | last = Schütz | first = István | title = Fehér foltok a Balkánon - Bevezetés az albanológiába és a balkanisztikába (Blank Spots in the Balkans - An Introduction to the Albanology and the Balkan Studies) | publisher = Balassi Kiadó | year = 2002 | location = Budapest | url = http://mek.oszk.hu/03500/03577/03577.pdf | isbn = 965 506 472 1
  15. ^ Curta, Florin. South-Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500-1250, Cambridge Medieval Textbooks