Cronologie de istorie coreeană

Istorie Timurie

• 2333 î.Hr .: Înființarea legendară a statului Gojoseon de Dangun.
• 1500 î.Hr: începutul perioadei de ceramică Mumun.

• 800 î.Hr: Începutul culturii pumnalului de bronz Liaoning .
• 400 î.Hr: începutul [epoca fierului|epocii fierului]].
• 300 î.Hr .: Stabilirea Jin în sudul peninsulei coreene

Inainte de Cele trei regate

• 195 î.Hr .: Înființarea lui Wiman Joseon .

• 108 î.Hr .: dinastia Han îl distruge pe Wiman Joseon , stabilind patru comandamente în nordul Peninsulei Coreene.
• 57 î.Hr .: Data tradițională pentru întemeierea Silla de către Bak Hyeokgeose .
• 37 î.Hr .: Data tradițională pentru fondarea Goguryeo de către Jumong .
• 19 î.Hr .: Data tradițională pentru fondarea lui Baekje de către Onjo

Three Kingdoms

• 42: Fondare Gaya de Suro.
• 53: Goguryeodevine un regat centralizat sub domnia lui Taejo's reign.
• 234: Baekje devine un regat centralizat sub domnia lui Goi's reign.
• 313: Goguryeo distruge Lelang Commandery.
• 356: Silla devine un regat centralizat sub domnia lui Naemul's reign.
• 371: RegeleGeunchogo invadează Goguryeo și îl ucide pe regele Gogugwon.
• 372: SubSosurim, Goguryeo importa Budismul din China.
• 384: Chimnyu din Baekje adoptă oficial budismul.
• 392: Gwanggaeto cel Mare din Goguryeo își începe domnia, extinzând Goguryeo într-o mare putere regională.
• 413: Jangsu din Goguryeo ridică Steaua Gwanggaeto .
• 433: Baekje și Silla formează o alianță împotriva agresiunii lui Goguryeo.
• 475: Goguryeo atacă Baekje și capturează Hanseong ( Seoul modern ). Baekje își mută capitala spre sud la Ungjin ( Gongju -ul modern ) și din nou la Sabi (modern-ay Buyeo ) în 523.
• 494: Ultimele rămășițe ale lui Buyeo absorbite de Goguryeo .
• 498: Baekje îl atacă pe Tamna ( Jejudo modern ).
• 512: Silla cucerește Usan ( Ulleungdo -ul actual ).
• 527: Silla adoptă formal budismul
• 553: Silla îl atacă pe Baekje, rupând alianța.
• 562: Silla finalizează anexarea lui Gaya.
• 598: Primul dintr-o serie de atacuri majore ale dinastiei Sui în războiul Goguryeo-Sui , care se încheie în 614 într-o înfrângere costisitoare pentru Sui.
• 612: Goguryeo respinge a doua invazie Sui la Salsu .
• 645: Prima campanie în războiul Goguryeo-Tang .
• 648: Silla stabilește alianță cu Tang.
• 660: Baekje cade în forța Silla-Tang.
• 668: Goguryeo cade în forța Silla-Tang.

North–South States Period and Later Three Kingdoms

• 676: Silla repels Chinese alliance forces from Korean peninsula, completes unification of much of the Three Kingdoms.
• 698: The founding of Balhae by former Goguryeo general Dae Joyeong.
• 751: Silla, at its cultural peak, constructs Seokguram and Bulguksa.
• 828: Jang Bogo establishes Cheonghaejin, a major center of trade with China, Japan, and Vietnam.
• 892: Silla begins to lose control of parts of the peninsula as the brief Later Three Kingdoms period begins.
• 900: Hubaekje ("Later Baekje") established in the southwest of the peninsula.
• 901: Taebong ("Later Goguryeo") established in the northwest of the peninsula.
• 918: Founding of Goryeo by Taejo of Goryeo.
• 926: Balhae falls to Khitan forces.
• 935: Silla formally surrenders to Goryeo.
• 936: Hubaekje formally surrenders to Goryeo.

Goryeo

• 936: Goryeo completes the reunification of the Later Three Kingdoms, absorbing the entirety of Hubaekje and parts of former Balhae territory.
• 956: Emperor Gwangjong forces major land and slavery reforms, and in 958 implements civil service examinations.
• 993: The first of three Goryeo–Khitan Wars.
• 1010: The Second Goryeo–Khitan War ravages the northern border.
• 1018: The Third Goryeo–Khitan War, Khitan successfully repelled.
• 1033: Goryeo builds the Cheonri Jangseong (lit. "Thousand Li Wall"), a massive wall running along the northern border.
• 1145: Kim Bu-sik compiles the Samguk Sagi, Korea's oldest extant history text.
• 1170: The military coup.
• 1231: The Mongol invasions of Korea begin
• 1234: Choi Yun-ui's Sangjeong Gogeum Yemun is published, world's first metal-block printed text.
• 1251: Goryeo completes the Tripitaka Koreana, the most comprehensive and oldest intact version of the Buddhist canon in Chinese script
• 1268: Mongol peace treaty is signed which Mongols agree to protect them the best they can.
• 1270: Goryeo signs a peace treaty with the Mongols, beginning an 80-year period of Yuan overlordship. The Sambyeolcho Rebellion lasts for three more years.
• 1285: Il-yeon compiles the Samguk Yusa, record of history and legends
• 1388: General Yi Seonggye, ordered to engage China in a border dispute, turns his troops against the Goryeo court.

Joseon

• 1392: Yi Seonggye is crowned king, officially beginning the Joseon dynasty.
• 1396: Capital moved to Hanyang (modern-day Seoul)
• 1402: Paper currency initiated
• 1408: High military service examination system created
• 1420: Hall of Worthies established
• 1424: History of Goryeo compiled
• 1446: The Hangul alphabet, created 3 years earlier, is promulgated by King Sejong the Great.
• 1592: The Japanese invasion of Korea begins under the command of Toyotomi Hideyoshi. Admiral Yi Sun-sin employs the Turtle ship to repel Japanese naval forces.
• 1627: The first Manchu invasion
• 1636: The second Manchu invasion
• 1653: Dutch ship, with Captain Hendrick Hamel, wrecked on Jeju Island.
• 1791: Persecution of Catholicism begins.
• 1864: Gojong ascends the throne with his father, Daewongun, as Regent.
• 1866: French Campaign against Korea.
• 1871: United States expedition to Korea.
• 1876: Korean ports are formally opened under the Treaty of Ganghwa with Imperial Japan.
• 1882: Imo Incident: Mutiny by Korean soldiers in Seoul against the modernization policies of emperor Gojong
• 1884: Kim Okgyun leads the Gapsin Coup. In 3 days, Chinese forces are able to overwhelm the Progressives and their Japanese supporters.
• 1894: Donghak Rebellion prompts the First Sino-Japanese War and Gabo Reforms.
• 1895: China recognizes Korean independence in the Treaty of Shimonoseki. Empress Myeongseong was murdered by Japanese assassins.
• 1896: 11 February. King Gojong flees to the Russian legation in Korea (Seoul).

Korean Empire

Vezi și: Timeline of the Gwangmu Reform.

• 1897: 20 February. King Gojong returns to his palace after 1 year of refuge at the Russian legation.
• 1905: Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905. Korea became the protectorate of Imperial Japan.
• 1907: June. The Hague Secret Emissary Affair
• 1907: 18 July. Gojong was abdicated in favour of his son, Sunjong by Imperial Japan.
• 1909: 26 October. Itō Hirobumi (Japanese Resident-General of Korea) is assassinated by Korean independence activist An Jung-geun
• 1910: 29 August. The Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910 started the annexation of the Korean Empire by Imperial Japan.

Japanese colonial rule

• 1916: The final wave of Uibyeong rebels is defeated by Japanese forces.
• 1919: March 1st Movement. Spurred by the sudden and mysterious death of Gojong. Declaration of Korean Independence. Nationwide peaceful demonstrations are crushed by Japanese military and police forces after two months. Governor-General Hasegawa resigns.
• 1919: The establishment of The Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea in Shanghai.
• 1919: Saito Makoto appointed as third Governor-General of Korea. The period of "cultural policy" begins.
• 1920: Battle of Cheongsanri, Korean independence Army, led by Kim Jwa-jin, victory.
• 1926: June 10th Movement.
• 1932: Korean independence activist Lee Bong-chang fails in his attempt to assassinate Emperor Hirohito in Tokyo.
• 1932: Korean independence activist Yun Bong-gil bombs Japanese Military gathering in Shanghai.
• 1938: Governor-General of Korea begins Sōshi-kaimei (Order to Japanese-style name changes) policy.
• 1945: The Empire of Japan surrenders to the Allies. According to the terms of Potsdam Declaration, Korea becomes independent.

Division of Korea

• 1945: After the surrender of Japan, the Korean peninsula is divided between Soviet and American occupation forces at the 38th parallel.
• 1945: South Korea created a franchise to raise money and funds to recover.
• 1945: 6 September, Establishment of People's Republic of Korea with Lyuh Woon-hyung, but 1946 February, US Army breaks it and Lyuh Woon-hyung is murdered.
• 1946: US–USSR Joint Commission on the formation of a Korean Government reaches an impasse. The Joint Commission is dissolved as the Cold War begins.
• 1948: 10 May. UN sponsored elections are held in South Korea.
• 1948: 15 August. Establishment of the Republic of Korea with Syngman Rhee as President.
• 1948: 9 September. Establishment of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea with Kim Il-sung as Premier.
• 1949: The murder of Kim Gu. Kim Gu was a Korean independence activist who believed in, and fought for, a unified Korea. He strongly objected to the formation of a separate South Korean state. He was shot in his home by a South Korean Army lieutenant.
• 1950: 25 June. The Korean War begins.
• 1950: August. UN forces are driven back to the south-east corner of the Korean Peninsula (The Pusan Perimeter).
• 1950: September. UN Troops make an Amphibious Landing at Inchon.
• 1950: November. Chinese Forces enter the war
• 1953: The Korean War is halted by the Korean Armistice Agreement that has remained in force until now.
• 1960: A student uprising begins the April Revolution which overthrows the autocratic First Republic of South Korea. Syngman Rhee resigns and goes into exile.
• 1961: 16 May. Military forces, headed by General Park Chung-hee, overthrow the Second Republic of South Korea in what is known as the Military Coup d'état of 16 May
• 1961: 12 November. Summit conference for normalization of Korean-Japanese relations
• 1962: start of the first Five-Year Plans of South Korea
• 1964: South Korea joined Vietnam War
• 1965: 22 June. The signing of Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea. Earned both much controversy and procurement of budgets for later economic developments.
• 1967: start of the second Five-year plans of South Korea
• 1968: 21 January. An unsuccessful attempt of North Korean commandos to assassinate president Park Chung-hee- the Blue House raid.
• 1968: 1 April. Establishment of the Pohang Iron and Steel Company
• 1968: 5 December. Proclamation of the National Education Charter
• 1970: 22 April. Start of the government-operated New Community Movement
• 1970: Gyeongbu Expressway is completed and opened to traffic.
• 1972: start of the third Five-year plans of South Korea
• 1972: 12 August. The first Red Cross talks between North and South Korea are held.
• 1972: President Park Chung-hee declares Emergency martial law and changes Constitution in August, which may allow him to become the permanent ruler. This is similar to Gojong of the Korean Empire stating his country's governmental system as 'autocratic' in the constitution- for greater leadership and less opposition.
• 1974: 15 August. The assassination of first lady Yuk Young-soo by self-proclaimed North Korean Mun Segwang.
• 1976: 18 August. The Axe Murder Incident in Panmunjom, Joint Security Area. Triggers former North Korean leader Kim Il-sung's first official apology to the South.
• 1976: 12 October: Discontinuation of rice imports, the accomplishment of total self-sufficiency in rice by the 'Unification Rice'
• 1977: start of the fourth Five-Year Plans of South Korea
• 1977: 22 December. Celebration of achievement of 10 billion dollars gained by exports.
• 1978: 26 October. Detection of the 3rd tunnel. Made by North Korea to attack South Korea.
• 1978: 10 December. Achievement of 1,117 US dollars as GNP.
• 1979: American president Jimmy Carter visits Korea. Threatens Park by stating he would reduce the US forces in Korea if he does not stop the ongoing Nuclear Weapons Development project.
• 1979: 26 October, President Park Chung-hee is assassinated by the chief of KCIA, Kim Jae-gyu (Assassination of Park Chung-hee).
• 1979: Coup d'état of December Twelfth, Chun Doo-hwan gets military power
• 1980: Gwangju massacre. Martial law is declared throughout the nation. The city of Gwangju becomes a battleground between dissenters and the Armed Forces (18–27 May). The official death toll was set at 200 people but some reports claim over 1000 casualties.
• 1987: A student uprising begins the June Democracy Movement, which overthrows the autocratic Fifth Republic of South Korea. The ruling party of Fifth Republic, Democratic Justice Party, declares democratic elections.
• 1988: 24th Olympic Games held in Seoul
• 1990: 11 September: South Korea and the USSR established diplomatic relations.
• 1991: 17 September: North Korea (DPRK) and South Korea (ROK) join the United Nations (UN).
• 1991: 26 December: The end of the Cold War as the Soviet Union ceased to exist and North Korea loses military and economic aid.
• 1992: 11 August: South Korea's first satellite, KITSAT-1, a.k.a. 우리별 (Uri Byol) is successfully launched from Guiana Space Centre.
• 1992: 24 August: South Korea and the People's Republic of China (PRC) establish diplomatic relations.
• 1993: Test of Rodong-1, a single-stage, mobile liquid propellant medium-range ballistic missile by the DPRK.
• 1994: Kim Jong-il takes control of North Korea upon the death of his father Kim Il-sung. Start of the Arduous March.
• 1997: Asian Financial Crisis (or "IMF Crisis" as it was called in Korea) shakes Korea
• 1998: Taepodong-1, a two-stage intermediate-range ballistic missile is developed and tested by the DPRK. End of the Arduous March. It is possible that up to 3.5 million people did not survive the 'march'.
• 1999: The DPRK promises to freeze long-range missile tests.
• 2002: The 2002 FIFA World Cup jointly held by Korea & Japan. South Korea national football team reaches the semi-finals for the first time in Korean football history. The DPRK pledges to extend moratorium on missile tests beyond 2003.
• 2004: The DPRK reaffirms moratorium.
• 2005: The DPRK fires short-range missile into the Sea of Japan (East Sea).
• 2006: Test of Taepodong-2 by DPRK, a successor of Taepodong-1.There is a nuclear test in the DPRK. US officials assert it might have been a misfire.
• 2007: The second summit between DPRK and ROK leaders is held, with Roh Moo-hyun representing the south and Kim Jong-il the north. The DPRK fires short-range missile into the Sea of Japan.
• 2009: North Korea launches a rocket (Unha), supposedly for space exploration. This move affects relationships with Japan, the United States and South Korea. The DPRK conducts another nuclear test.
• 2010: North Korea launches missile and attacks Korean Pohang-class corvette, ROKS Cheonan. 46 Korean soldiers die because of the attack. At November, North Korean army rains artillery fire on Yeon-Pyeong-Do island.
• 2011: Kim Jong-il dies, Kim Jong-un takes over as the Supreme Leader of North Korea. The National Intelligence Service accuses pro-unification lawmakers of being spies. One of the members was a former Democratic Party representative. In a move indicative of the heavy-handedness of the Park regime, the party is outlawed and key party members are imprisoned.
• 2012: 13 April: The Kim Regime of the DPRK tested a rocket, officially called "Unha-3", an expendable launch system developed from the Soviet Scud rockets. The rocket was to send a satellite, called "Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3", into orbit. The rocket failed to launch the satellite and fell into the Yellow Sea. The mission ultimately ended in complete failure.
• 2012: 12 December: DPRK has successful launch of Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Unit 2 it was launched from the Sohae Satellite Launching Ground. A South Korean military official cited 3 stage success. DPRK confirmed.
• 2012: 19 December: Park Geun-hye, a daughter of Park Chung-hee, is elected as first female and the 11th president of South Korea.
• 2013: 8 December: Jang Song-thaek, uncle of North Korean Leader Kim Jong-un, was ousted from all powerful posts on various charges. The official Korean Central News Agency said the political bureau of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea stripped Jang of all posts, depriving him of all titles and expelling him and removing his name from the party.
• 2013: 12 December: North Korean Supreme Leader Kim Jong-un, executes his Uncle, Jang Song-thaek, as a "traitor for all ages." Jang Song-thaek's execution was said to be set up by his own wife, Kim Kyong-hui, Late Supreme Leader Kim Jong-il's sister. Jang Song-thaek was considered to be the most powerful official in the DPRK Regime.
• 2016: 9 December: The impeachment vote of President Park Geun-hye took place, whilst 234 members in the 300-member National Assembly voting in favor of the impeachment and temporary suspension of her presidential powers and duties. Hwang Kyo-ahn, then prime minister, became acting president while the Constitutional Court of Korea was due to determine whether to accept the impeachment.
• 2017: 10 March: The court upheld the impeachment in a unanimous 8–0 decision, removing Park from the office.
• 2017: 10 May: Moon Jae-In swore into office immediately after official votes were counted on 10 May, replacing Acting President and Prime Minister Hwang Kyo-Ahn.

Gallery

• 
  Korea 108 BC
• 
  The Four Commanderies of Han, 107 BC
• 
  Korea in 1 AD
• 
  Korea 204 AD
• 
  Korea in 300 AD
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  Korea in 315 AD
• 
  Korea in 375 AD
• 
  Korea in 410 AD
• 
  Korea in 476 AD
• 
  Korea in 576 AD
• 
  Goguryeo–Sui War in 598 AD
• 
  Goguryeo–Sui War in 612 AD
• 
  Goguryeo–Tang War (645–668)
• 
  Silla–Tang War (672–676)
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  Little Goguryeo (699–820)
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  Unified Silla and Balhae in the 8th century AD
• 
  Balhae in 800 AD
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  Balhae in 830 AD
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  Korea in 915 AD
• 
  First conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War (993 AD)
• 
  Second conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War (1010 AD)
• 
  Third conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War (1018 AD)
• 
  1231 Mongol invasion of Goryeo
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  1232 Mongol invasion of Goryeo
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  1235 Mongol invasion of Goryeo
• 
  1253 Mongol invasion of Goryeo
• 
  Goryeo in 1374
• 
  Joseon (15th century)
• 
  The Eight Provinces of Korea
• 
  Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98)
• 
  Later Jin invasion of Joseon in 1627
• 
  Qing invasion of Joseon (1636–1637)
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  First Sino-Japanese War (25 July 1894 – 17 April 1895)
• 
  Empire of Japan (1868–1947)
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  Korean War May 1950
• 
  Korean War September 1950
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  Korean War November 1950
• 
  Korean War January 1951
• 
  Korean War July 1953

See also

• Korean monarchs' family trees: Silla; Goryeo; Joseon
• List of Korean monarchs
• List of Korea-related topics
• History of Korea
• Military history of Korea
• Timeline of Seoul history

Further reading

• Benjamin Vincent (1910), „Corea”, Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (ed. 25th), London: Ward, Lock & Co. – via Hathi Trust 
• Ian Preston, ed. (2001). „Republic of Korea”. Political Chronology of Central, South and East Asia. Political Chronologies of the World. Europa Publications. pp. 160–181. ISBN 978-1-135-35680-4.  + "Democratic People's Republic of Korea"

External links

• Timeline of Korean history
• „Timeline of 20th-century Korean history”. USA: Public Broadcasting Service (PBS). Arhivat din original la 4 februarie 2009. Accesat în 18 iulie 2021. 
• Comparative China-Korea-Japan arts timeline
• BBC News. „South Korea Profile: Timeline”. 
• BBC News. „North Korea Profile: Timeline”. 
• „Timeline of Korean History”. Asia for Educators. USA: Columbia University. Arhivat din original la 10 august 2015. Accesat în 18 iulie 2021. 
• „Korea”. Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art.