Wikipedia

Mamba negru

Mamba negru (Dendroaspis polylepis) este o specie de șarpe foarte veninos din genul Dendroaspis (Mamba). Specia este endemică în Africa sub-Saharinană și a fost descrisă pentru prima dată în 1864 de Albert Günther. Mamba negru este cel mai lung șarpe veninos din Africa și al doilea cel mai lung șarpe veninos din lume după cobra regală. El este și cel mai rapid șarpe din Africa și unul dintre cei mai rapizi șerpi de pe planetă, posibil cel mai rapid,[4][5][6] capabil să se miște cu o viteză de 11–20 km/h.

Mamba negru
Stare de conservare

Risc scăzut (LC)  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Clasificare științifică
Regn: Animalia
Încrengătură: Chordata
Clasă: Sauropsida
Ordin: Squamata
Subordin: Serpentes
Familie: Elapidae
Gen: Dendroaspis
Specie: D. polylepis
Nume binomial
Dendroaspis polylepis
Günther, 1864[2]
Sinonime[3]
  • Dendroaspis polylepis polylepis
    (Günther, 1864)
  • Dendraspis polylepis
    (Günther, 1864)
  • Dendraspis angusticeps
    (Boulenger 1896)
  • Dendraspis antinorii
    (Peters, 1873)
  • Dendroaspis polylepis antinorii
    (Peters, 1873)
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Veninul de mamba negru este foarte toxic, doza medie letală (LD50) fiind de 0,28-0,32 mg/kg.[7][8][9]


Galerie modificare

Referințe modificare

  1. ^ Spawls, S. (). „Dendroaspis polylepis”. Lista roșie a speciilor periclitate IUCN. Versiunea 3.1. Uniunea Internațională pentru Conservarea Naturii. Accesat în . 
  2. ^ Dendroaspis polylepis (TSN 700483). Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
  3. ^ Uetz, P. „Dendroaspis polylepis Günther, 1864”. Reptile Database. Zoological Museum Hamburg. Accesat în . 
  4. ^ Van Der Vlies, C. (). Southern Africa Wildlife and Adventure. British Columbia, Canada/Indiana, United States: Trafford Publishing. pp. 180–181. ISBN 978-1-4269-1932-9. 
  5. ^ Austin Stevens: Snakemaster, (2002) "Seven Deadly Strikes" documentary
  6. ^ World Book, Inc (1999) The World Book encyclopedia, Volume 1, Page 525
  7. ^ Spawls, S.; Branch, B. (). The dangerous snakes of Africa: natural history, species directory, venoms, and snakebite. Dubai: Oriental Press: Ralph Curtis-Books. pp. 49–51. ISBN 0-88359-029-8. 
  8. ^ Minton, Minton, SA, MR (). Venomous Reptiles. USA: New York Charles Scribner's Sons. 
  9. ^ Fry, Bryan, Deputy Director, Australian Venom Research Unit, University of Melbourne (9 martie 2002). "Snakes Venom LD50 – list of the available data and sorted by route of injection". venomdoc.com. (archived) Retrieved 14 octombrie 2013.

Bibliografie modificare

  • Thorpe, Roger S.; Wolfgang Wüster, Anita Malhotra (1996). Venomous Snakes: Ecology, Evolution, and Snakebite. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-854986-4
  • McDiarmid, Roy W.; Jonathan A. Campbell; T'Shaka A. Tourè (1999). Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1. Washington, District of Columbia: Herpetologists' League. ISBN 978-1-893777-01-9
  • Spawls, Stephen; Branch, Bill (1995). Dangerous Snakes of Africa: Natural History - Species Directory - Venoms and Snakebite. Ralph Curtis Pub; Revised edition. ISBN 978-0-88359-029-4
  • Dobiey, Maik; Vogel, Gernot (2007). Terralog: Venomous Snakes of Africa (Terralog Vol. 15). Aqualog Verlag GmbH.; 1 edition. ISBN 978-3-939759-04-1
  • Mackessy, Stephen P. (2009). Handbook of Venoms and Toxins of Reptiles. CRC Press; 1 edition. ISBN 978-0-8493-9165-1
  • Greene, Harry W.; Fogden, Michael; Fogden, Patricia (2000). Snakes: The Evolution of Mystery in Nature. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-22487-2
  • Spawls, Stephen; Ashe, James; Howell, Kim; Drewes, Robert C. (2001). Field Guide to the Reptiles of East Africa: All the Reptiles of Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-12-656470-9
  • Broadley, D.G.; Doria, C.T.; Wigge, J. (2003). Snakes of Zambia: An Atlas and Field Guide. Frankfurt am Main, Germany: Edition Chimaira. ISBN 978-3-930612-42-0
  • Marais, Johan (2005). A Complete Guide to the Snakes of Southern Africa. Cape Town, South Africa: Struik Nature. ISBN 978-1-86872-932-6
  • Engelmann, Wolf-Eberhard (1981). Snakes: Biology, Behavior, and Relationship to Man. Leipzig; English version NY, US: Leipzig Publishing; English version published by Exeter Books (1982). ISBN 0-89673-110-3
  • Minton, Sherman A. (1969). Venomous Reptiles. US: New York Simon Schuster Trade. ISBN 978-0-684-71845-3
  • FitzSimons, Vivian FM (1970). A field guide to the snakes of Southern Africa. Canada: HarperCollins. ISBN 0-00-212146-8
  • Department of the Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery (2013). Venomous Snakes of the World: A Manual for Use by U.S. Amphibious Forces. Skyhorse Publishing. ISBN 978-1-62087-623-7
  • Branch, Bill (1988). Bill Branch's Field Guide to the Snakes and Other Reptiles of Southern Africa (More than 500 Photographs for Easy Identification). Cape Town, South Africa: Struik Publishers. ISBN 978-0-86977-641-4
  • Branch, Bill (1998). Field Guide to the Snakes and Other Reptiles of Southern Africa. Ralph Curtis Publishing. ISBN 978-0-88359-042-3
  • Branch, Bill (2005). Photographic Guide to Snakes Other Reptiles and Amphibians of East Africa. Sanibel Island, Florida: Ralph Curtis Books. ISBN 978-0-88359-059-1
  • Mara, Wil; Collins, Joseph T; Minton, SA (1993). Venomous Snakes of the World. TFH Publications Inc. ISBN 978-0-86622-522-9
  • Stocker, Kurt F. (1990). Medical Use of Snake Venom Proteins. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-5846-3
  • Mebs, Dietrich (2002). Venomous and Poisonous Animals: A Handbook for Biologists, Toxicologists and Toxinologists, Physicians and Pharmacists. Medpharm. ISBN 978-0-8493-1264-9
  • White, Julian; Meier, Jurg (1995). Handbook of Clinical Toxicology of Animal Venoms and Poisons. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-4489-3
  • Vitt, Laurie J; Caldwell, Janalee P. (2013). Herpetology, Fourth Edition: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles. Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-386919-7
  • Tu, Anthony T. (1991). Handbook of Natural Toxins, Vol. 5: Reptile Venoms and Toxins. Marcel Dekker. ISBN 978-0-8247-8376-1
  • Mattison, Chris (1995). The Encyclopedia of Snakes. Facts on File; 1st U.S. Edition edition. ISBN 978-0-8160-3072-9
  • Coborn, John (1991). The Atlas of Snakes of the World. TFH Publications. ISBN 978-0-86622-749-0

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