Mirmicine

Mirmicinele (Myrmicinae) sunt o subfamilie de furnici cu aproximativ 140 de genuri existente și cu un mare număr de specii. În America de Nord mai mult de 50% din numărul total de specii de furnici sunt mirmicine. În Europa trăiesc genurile: Aphaenogaster, Crematogaster, Formicoxenus, Harpagoxenus, Leptothorax, Messor, Monomorium, Myrmica, Myrmecina, Stenamma și Strongylognathus. Mirmicinele au un pețiol caracteristic, format din două articole, cel de-al doilea articol având forma unui nod. La femele și lucrătoare este prezent un ac rudimentar de apărare. Furnicile lucrătoare a speciilor europene nu au oceli.

Mirmicine Fosilă: 91–0 mln. ani în urmă PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N Turonian – Prezent
Furnica lucrătoare a speciei Atta cephalotes
Clasificare științifică
Regn:	Animalia
Încrengătură:	Arthropoda
Clasă:	Insecta
Ordin:	Hymenoptera
Subordin:	Apocrita
Suprafamilie:	Vespoidea
Familie:	Formicidae
Subfamilie:	Myrmicinae Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835
Genul tip
Myrmica
Genuri
139 genuri
Sinonime
Myrmicidae

Genuri

Mirmicinele cuprind 139 genuri grupate în 6 triburi:

• Tribul Attini Smith, 1858
  • Acanthognathus Mayr, 1887
  • Acromyrmex Mayr, 1865
  • Allomerus Mayr, 1878
  • Apterostigma Mayr, 1865
  • Atta Fabricius, 1804
  • †Attaichnus Laza, 1982
  • Basiceros Schulz, 1906
  • Blepharidatta Wheeler, 1915
  • Cephalotes Latreille, 1802
  • Chimaeridris Wilson, 1989
  • Colobostruma Wheeler, 1927
  • Cyatta Sosa-Calvo et al., 2013
  • Cyphomyrmex Mayr, 1862
  • Daceton Perty, 1833
  • Diaphoromyrma Fernández, Delabie & Nascimento, 2009
  • Epopostruma Forel, 1895
  • Eurhopalothrix Brown & Kempf, 1961
  • Ishakidris Bolton, 1984
  • Kalathomyrmex Klingenberg & Brandão, 2009
  • Lachnomyrmex Wheeler, 1910
  • Lenomyrmex Fernández & Palacio, 1999
  • Mesostruma Brown, 1948
  • Microdaceton Santschi, 1913
  • Mycetagroicus Brandão & Mayhé-Nunes, 2001
  • Mycetarotes Emery, 1913
  • Mycetophylax Emery, 1913
  • Mycetosoritis Wheeler, 1907
  • Mycocepurus Forel, 1893
  • Myrmicocrypta Smith, 1860
  • Ochetomyrmex Mayr, 1878
  • Octostruma Forel, 1912
  • Orectognathus Smith, 1853
  • Paramycetophylax Kusnezov, 1956
  • Phalacromyrmex Kempf, 1960
  • Pheidole Westwood, 1839
  • Pilotrochus Brown, 1978
  • Procryptocerus Emery, 1887
  • Protalaridris Brown, 1980
  • Pseudoatta Gallardo, 1916
  • Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870
  • Sericomyrmex Mayr, 1865
  • Strumigenys Smith, 1860
  • Talaridris Weber, 1941
  • Trachymyrmex Forel, 1893
  • Tranopelta Mayr, 1866
  • Wasmannia Forel, 1893

• Tribul Crematogastrini Forel, 1893
  • Acanthomyrmex Emery, 1893
  • Adlerzia Forel, 1902
  • Ancyridris Wheeler, 1935
  • Atopomyrmex André, 1889
  • Calyptomyrmex Emery, 1887
  • Cardiocondyla Emery, 1869
  • Carebara Westwood, 1840
  • Cataulacus Smith, 1853
  • Crematogaster Lund, 1831
  • Cyphoidris Weber, 1952
  • Dacatria Rigato, 1994
  • Dacetinops Brown & Wilson, 1957
  • Dicroaspis Emery, 1908
  • Dilobocondyla Santschi, 1910
  • Diplomorium Mayr, 1901
  • †Enneamerus Mayr, 1868
  • †Eocenomyrma Dlussky & Radchenko, 2006
  • Eutetramorium Emery, 1899
  • Formicoxenus Mayr, 1855
  • Formosimyrma Terayama, 2009
  • Gauromyrmex Menozzi, 1933
  • Goaligongidris Xu, 2012
  • Harpagoxenus Forel, 1893
  • Huberia Forel, 1890
  • †Hypopomyrmex Emery, 1891
  • Indomyrma Brown, 1986
  • Kartidris Bolton, 1991
  • Lasiomyrma Terayama & Yamane, 2000
  • Leptothorax Mayr, 1855
  • Liomyrmex Mayr, 1865
  • †Lonchomyrmex Mayr, 1867
  • Lophomyrmex Emery, 1892
  • Lordomyrma Emery, 1897
  • Malagidris Bolton & Fisher, 2014
  • Mayriella Forel, 1902
  • Melissotarsus Emery, 1877
  • Meranoplus Smith, 1853
  • Metapone Forel, 1911
  • Myrmecina Curtis, 1829
  • Myrmisaraka Bolton & Fisher, 2014
  • Nesomyrmex Wheeler, 1910
  • Ocymyrmex Emery, 1886
  • †Oxyidris Wilson, 1985
  • †Parameranoplus Wheeler, 1915
  • Paratopula Wheeler, 1919
  • Perissomyrmex Smith, 1947
  • Peronomyrmex Viehmeyer, 1922
  • Podomyrma Smith, 1859
  • Poecilomyrma Mann, 1921
  • Pristomyrmex Mayr, 1866
  • Proatta Forel, 1912
  • Propodilobus Branstetter, 2009
  • Recurvidris Bolton, 1992
  • Rhopalomastix Forel, 1900
  • Romblonella Wheeler, 1935
  • Rostromyrmex Rosciszewski, 1994
  • Rotastruma Bolton, 1991
  • Royidris Bolton & Fisher, 2014
  • Secostruma Bolton, 1988
  • Stereomyrmex Emery, 1901
  • †Stigmomyrmex Mayr, 1868
  • †Stiphromyrmex Wheeler, 1915
  • Strongylognathus Mayr, 1853
  • Temnothorax Mayr, 1861
  • Terataner Emery, 1912
  • Tetheamyrma Bolton, 1991
  • Tetramorium Mayr, 1855
  • Trichomyrmex Mayr, 1865
  • Vitsika Bolton & Fisher, 2014
  • Vollenhovia Mayr, 1865
  • Vombisidris Bolton, 1991
  • Xenomyrmex Forel, 1885

• Tribul Myrmicini Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835
  • Manica Jurine, 1807
  • Myrmica Latreille, 1804
  • †Plesiomyrmex Dlussky & Radchenko, 2009
  • †Protomyrmica Dlussky & Radchenko, 2009

• Tribul Pogonomyrmecini Ward, Brady, Fisher & Schultz, 2014
  • Hylomyrma Forel, 1912
  • Pogonomyrmex Mayr, 1868

• Tribul Solenopsidini Forel, 1893
  • Adelomyrmex Emery, 1897
  • Anillomyrma Emery, 1913
  • Austromorium Shattuck, 2009
  • Baracidris Bolton, 1981
  • Bariamyrma Lattke, 1990
  • Bondroitia Forel, 1911
  • Cryptomyrmex Fernández, 2004
  • Dolopomyrmex Cover & Deyrup, 2007
  • Epelysidris Bolton, 1987
  • Kempfidris Fernández, Feitosa & Lattke, 2014
  • Megalomyrmex Forel, 1885
  • Monomorium Mayr, 1855
  • Myrmicaria Saunders, 1842
  • Oxyepoecus Santschi, 1926
  • Rogeria Emery, 1894
  • Solenopsis Westwood, 1840
  • Stegomyrmex Emery, 1912
  • Syllophopsis Santschi, 1915
  • Tropidomyrmex Silva, Feitosa, Brandão & Diniz, 2009
  • Tyrannomyrmex Fernández, 2003

*Tribul Stenammini Ashmead, 1905

• • Aphaenogaster Mayr, 1853
  • Goniomma Emery, 1895
  • Messor Forel, 1890
  • Oxyopomyrmex André, 1881
  • †Paraphaenogaster Dlussky, 1981
  • Stenamma Westwood, 1839
  • Veromessor Forel, 1917

• incertae sedis
  • †Afromyrma Dlussky, Brothers & Rasnitsyn, 2004
  • †Attopsis Heer, 1850
  • †Bilobomyrma Radchenko & Dlussky, 2013
  • †Boltonidris Radchenko & Dlussky, 2012
  • †Brachytarsites Hong, 2002
  • †Cephalomyrmex Carpenter, 1930
  • †Clavipetiola Hong, 2002
  • †Electromyrmex Wheeler, 1910
  • †Eocenidris Wilson, 1985
  • †Eomyrmex Hong, 1974
  • †Fallomyrma Dlussky & Radchenko, 2006
  • †Fushunomyrmex Hong, 2002
  • †Ilemomyrmex Wilson, 1985
  • †Miosolenopsis Zhang, 1989
  • †Myrmecites Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2003
  • †Orbigastrula Hong, 2002
  • †Quadrulicapito Hong, 2002
  • †Quineangulicapito Hong, 2002
  • †Sinomyrmex Hong, 2002
  • †Solenopsites Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2003
  • †Sphaerogasterites Hong, 2002
  • †Wumyrmex Hong, 2002
  • †Zhangidris Bolton, 2003

Bibliografie

• Vincent H. Resh, Ring T. Cardé. Encyclopedia of Insects. Second Edition. Academic Press, 2009
• John L. Capinera. Encyclopedia of Entomology. (4 Volume Set). Second Edition. Springer 2008
• Dlussky, G. M. & Perfilieva, K. S. (2003) Paleogene ants of the genus Archimyrmex Cockerell, 1923 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmeciinae). Paleontological Journal - 37: 39-47.
• Bolton, B. (1994). Identification Guide to the Ant Genera of the World. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
• Bolton, B. (1995). A New General Catalogue of the Ants of the World. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
• Bolton, B. (2003). Synopsis and Classification of Formicidae. 370 pp. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, Vol. 71. Gainesville, FL.
• Emery, C. (1921). Hymenoptera, fam. Formicidae, subfam. Myrmicinae. In P. Wytsman, ed., Genera Insectorum, fasc. , 174A, 1-94.
• Emery, C. (1922). Hymenoptera, fam. Formicidae, subfam. Myrmicinae. In P. Wytsman, ed., Genera Insectorum, fasc. , 174B-C, 95-397.
• Holldobler, B. and E. O. Wilson. (1990). The Ants. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
• Kugler, C. (1978). A comparative study of the myrmicine sting apparatus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Stud. Ent., 20, 413-548.
• Kugler, C. (1979). Evolution of the sting apparatus in the myrmicine ants. Evolution, 33, 117-130.
• Ogata, K. (1991). A generic synopsis of the poneroid complex of the family Formicidae in Japan (Hymenoptera). Part II. Subfamily Myrmicinae. Bull. Inst. Trop. Agr., . Kyushu Univ., 14, 61-149.

Legături externe

• Subfamily: Myrmicinae. AntWeb
• Myrmicinae. AntWiki
• Подсемейство Myrmicinae