Archibald Wavell

Archibald Wavell
Date personale
Născut	5 mai 1883 Colchester, Anglia, Regatul Unit al Marii Britanii și Irlandei
Decedat	24 mai 1950 (67 de ani) Londra, Anglia, Regatul Unit
Înmormântat	Beaulieu Abbey[*][[Beaulieu Abbey (abbey in Beaulieu, Hampshire, England, UK)|​]]
Părinți	Archibald Graham Wavell[*][[Archibald Graham Wavell ((1843-1935))|​]] Lillie Percival[*][[Lillie Percival ((died 1926))|​]]
Căsătorit cu	Eugenie Marie Quirk[*][[Eugenie Marie Quirk (Peerage person ID=474387)|​]] (din 22 aprilie 1915)
Copii	Archibald Wavell, 2nd Earl Wavell[*][[Archibald Wavell, 2nd Earl Wavell (British Earl (1916-1953))|​]] Lady Eugenie Pamela Wavell[*][[Lady Eugenie Pamela Wavell ((born 1918))|​]] Lady Felicity Ann Wavell[*][[Lady Felicity Ann Wavell ((born 1921))|​]] Lady Joan Patricia Quirk Wavell[*][[Lady Joan Patricia Quirk Wavell ((born 1923))|​]]
Cetățenie	Regatul Unit
Religie	anglicanism[*]​
Ocupație	politician ofițer ofițer de forțe terestre[*]​
Locul desfășurării activității	Londra
Limbi vorbite	limba engleză
Studii	Winchester College[*][[Winchester College (boarding school in Winchester, Hampshire, England, UK)|​]] Royal Military College, Sandhurst[*][[Royal Military College, Sandhurst (British Army military academy)|​]] Summer Fields School[*][[Summer Fields School (school in Oxfordshire, UK)|​]] Staff College, Camberley[*][[Staff College, Camberley (former staff college for the British Army and the Presidency armies of British India)|​]] Command and Staff College[*][[Command and Staff College (Pakistan Army's brigade and division level staff officers training institution)|​]]
Activitate
Ramura	Armata Britanică
Gradul	feldmareșal[*]​ general general[*][[general (highest military rank of the British Army and the Royal Marines)|​]] (din 28 iulie 1939)
Bătălii / Războaie	Primul Război Mondial Al Doilea Război al Burilor Al Doilea Război Mondial 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine[*][[1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine (nationalist uprising by Palestinian Arabs in Mandatory Palestine)|​]] Tweede Slag om Ieper[*][[Tweede Slag om Ieper (1915 First World War battle)|​]] Campania din Sinai și Palestina Campania din Africa de Nord Războiul din Pacific
Decorații și distincții
Decorații	Comandor al Legiunii de Onoare[*]​ Crucea Militară[*]​ Ordinul Bath în grad de Mare Cruce[*]​ Chief Commander of the Legion of Merit[*][[Chief Commander of the Legion of Merit (military award of the United States Armed Forces)|​]] Ordinul Sf. Mihail și Sf. Gheorghe în grad de companion[*]​ legionar al Legiunii de Merit a Statelor Unite ale Americii[*]​ orden Sveatogo Stanislava 3-i stepeni s meceami[*][[orden Sveatogo Stanislava 3-i stepeni s meceami (Russian military and civilian decoration)|​]] Order of the Star of Nepal[*][[Order of the Star of Nepal |​]] Order of the Star of India[*][[Order of the Star of India (British order of chivalry established 1861)|​]] Order of Saint John[*][[Order of Saint John (British royal order of chivalry constituted in 1888)|​]] Order of the Indian Empire[*]​ Steaua 1939-1945[*]​ Africa Star[*][[Africa Star (medal)|​]] Legion of Merit King George V Silver Jubilee Medal[*][[King George V Silver Jubilee Medal |​]] King George VI Coronation Medal[*][[King George VI Coronation Medal (award)|​]] Order of the Nile[*][[Order of the Nile (Egyptian medal)|​]] Order of the Cloud and Banner[*][[Order of the Cloud and Banner |​]] 1914–15 Star[*][[1914–15 Star (campaign medal of the British Empire)|​]] British War Medal[*][[British War Medal (WW1 British campaign medal)|​]] Victory Medal[*][[Victory Medal (international medal)|​]] Ordinul Orania-Nassau[*]​ Croix de guerre Ordinul Bath Order of the Star of India[*][[Order of the Star of India (British order of chivalry established 1861)|​]] Ordinul Sfântul Mihail și Sfântul Gheorghe[*]​ Order of Saint John[*][[Order of Saint John (British royal order of chivalry constituted in 1888)|​]] Order of the Indian Empire[*]​ Steaua 1939-1945[*]​ Africa Star[*][[Africa Star (medal)|​]] Legion of Merit King George V Silver Jubilee Medal[*][[King George V Silver Jubilee Medal |​]] King George VI Coronation Medal[*][[King George VI Coronation Medal (award)|​]] Order of the Nile[*][[Order of the Nile (Egyptian medal)|​]] Order of the Cloud and Banner[*][[Order of the Cloud and Banner |​]] 1914–15 Star[*][[1914–15 Star (campaign medal of the British Empire)|​]] British War Medal[*][[British War Medal (WW1 British campaign medal)|​]] Victory Medal[*][[Victory Medal (international medal)|​]] Ordinul Orania-Nassau[*]​ Croix de guerre Crucea de Război cehoslovacă[*]​ Ordinul Sf. Vladimir, clasa a IV-a[*]​ Order of George I[*][[Order of George I (Greek order of merit, award)|​]] Order of Solomon[*][[Order of Solomon |​]] Krzyż Srebrny Orderu Virtuti Militari[*][[Krzyż Srebrny Orderu Virtuti Militari (Polish award)|​]] orden Sveatogo Stanislava[*][[orden Sveatogo Stanislava (Russian military and civilian decoration)|​]]

Archibald Percival Wavell (n. 5 mai 1883 – d. 24 mai 1950) a fost un mareșal britanic.

A servit în cel de-al Doilea Război al Burilor, în Primul Război Mondial, când a fost rănit în Cea de-a doua bătălie de la Ypres.

La începutul celui de-al Doilea Război Mondial a ocupat funcția de șef de stat major în Orientul Mijlociu, când a condus trupele britanice la victorie împotriva italienilor în Egipt și Lipia în timpul Operațiunii Compass în decembrie 1940, fiind înfrânt doar de armata germană în luna aprilie 1941.

În perioada iulie 1941-iunie 1943 a fost comandant în India, apoi ca vicerege al Indiei până la retragerea sa în februarie 1947.

Surse

• Allen, Louis (1984). Burma: The Longest War. J. M. Dent and Sons. ISBN 0-460-02474-4. 
• Auchinleck, Claude (1946). Despatch on Operations in the Middle East From 5 July 1941 to 31 October 1941. London: War Office.  in „No. 37695”. The London Gazette (Supplement). 20 august 1946. pp. 4215–4230. 
• Axelrod, Alan (2008). The Real History of World War II. Sterling Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4027-4090-9. 
• Close, H. M. (1997). Attlee, Wavell, Mountbatten, and the transfer of power. National Book Foundation. 
• Connell, John (1 ianuarie 1964). Wavell, Scholar and Soldier. Collins. 
• Connell, John (1 aprilie 1969). Wavell, Supreme Commander. Collins. ISBN 978-0002119207. 
• Fort, Adrian. Archibald Wavell: The Life and Death of the Imperial Servant (2009)
• Frame, Alex (2008). Flying Boats: My Father's War in the Mediterranean. Victoria University Press. ISBN 978-0864735621. 
• Heathcote, Tony (1999). The British Field Marshals 1736–1997. Barnsley: Pen & Sword. ISBN 0-85052-696-5. 
• Glynn, Irial (2007). An Untouchable in the Presence of Brahmins’ Lord Wavell's Disastrous Relationship with Whitehall During His Time as Viceroy to India, 1943–7. Modern Asian Studies. pp. 639–663. 
• Houterman, Hans; Koppes, Jeroen. „World War II unit histories and officers”. Arhivat din originalul de la 3 decembrie 2008. Accesat în 20 decembrie 2008. 
• Mead, Richard (2007). Churchill's Lions: A Biographical guide to the Key British Generals of World War II. Stroud: Spellmount. ISBN 978-1-86227-431-0. 
• Pagden, Anthony (2008). Worlds at War: The 2,500-year Struggle between East and West. Oxford University Press US. ISBN 978-0-19-923743-2. 
• Playfair, Major-General I. S. O.; with Flynn, Captain F. C. (RN); Molony, Brigadier C. J. C. & Gleave, Group Captain T. P. (2009) [1st. pub. HMSO:1954]. Butler, Sir James, ed. The Mediterranean and Middle East: The Early Successes Against Italy, to May 1941. History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. I. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press. ISBN 1-84574-065-3. 
• Raugh, Harold E., Jr. (2013). Wavell in the Middle East, 1939–1941: A Study in Generalship. University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 978-0806143057. 
• Schofield, Victoria (2006). Wavell: Soldier and Statesman. London: John Murray. ISBN 978-0-71956-320-1. 
• Wavell, Archibald Percival Wavell (1973). Wavell: The Viceroy's Journal. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0192117236. 

Legături externe

• British Army Officers 1939−1945
• Generals of World War II