Wikipedia

Listă a celor mai lungi tuneluri rutiere din lume

articol-listă în cadrul unui proiect Wikimedia

Această pagină prezintă o listă cu cele mai lungi tuneluri rutiere din lume.

Cele mai lungi tunele rutiere în uz modificare

Nume Localizare Lungime în km Anul finalizării Tuburi Traseu
Tunelul Laerdal   Norvegia
(Lærdal - Aurland) 		24,51 km (15,2 mi) 2000 1 E16
Yamate Tunnel   Japonia (Tokyo) 18,20 km (11,3 mi) 2015 2 C2, Shuto Expressway
Zhongnanshan Tunnel   China (Shaanxi) 18,04 km (11,2 mi) 2007 2 G65 Baotou–Maoming Expresswayy
Jinpingshan Tunnel[1][2]   China (Sichuan) 17,54 km (10,9 mi)[a] 2011 2 între localitățile Jinping-I și Jinping-II Hydropower Station
St. Gotthard   Elveția
(Uri - Ticino) 		16.918 km (10.512,4 mi) 1980 1 A2/E35
Tiantaishan Tunnel   China (Shaanxi) 15,56 km (9,7 mi) 2021 2 G85 Yinchuan–Kunming Expressway
Tunelul Ryfylke   Norvegia 14.459 km (8.984,4 mi) 2019 2 13
Mount Ovit Tunnel   Turcia
(İkizdere - İspir) 		14.346 km (8.914,2 mi) 2018[3] 2 D.925
Arlberg   Austria
(Vorarlberg - Tirol) 		13.972 km (8.681,8 mi) 1978 1 S16/E60
Micangshan Tunnel   China (Sichuan) 13.833 km (8.595,4 mi)[b] 2018 2 G85 Yinchuan–Kunming Expresswayy
Xishan Tunnel
chineză: 西山隧道 (太原市) 		  China (Shanxi) 13.654 km (8.484,2 mi)[c] 2012 2 S56 Shanxi Taiyuan-Gujiao Expressway
Erlangshan Tunnel   China (Sichuan) 13.433 km (8.346,9 mi)[d] 2017 2 G4218 Ya'an-Yecheng Expresswayy
Shiziping Tunnel   China (Sichuan) 13.156 km (8.174,8 mi) 2020[4] 2 G4217 Chengdu-Changdu Expressway
Hongtiguan Tunnel   China (Shanxi) 13.122 km (8.153,6 mi)[5][e] 2013 [6] 2 S76 Shanxi Changzhi-Pingshun Expressway
Hsuehshan Taiwan 12.942 km (8.041,8 mi) 2006 2 5
Fréjus Franța - Italia 12.895 km (8.012,6 mi) 1980 1 E70
KPE & MCE Expressway Tunnel[f]   Singapore 12,46 km (7,7 mi) 2013 1[g] KPE and MCE
Maijishan Tunnel   China (Gansu) 12,29 km (7,6 mi)[h] 2009 2 G30 Lianyungang–Khorgas Expressway
East Tianshan Tunnel   China (Xinjiang) 11.775 km (7.316,6 mi)[i] 2021 2 China National Highway G575
Tunelul Mont Blanc Franța - Italia (Alpi) 11.611 km (7.214,7 mi) 1965 1 E25
Laoying Tunnel   China (Yunnan) 11.515 km (7.155,1 mi)[j] 2021 2 G5613 Baoshan-Lushui Expressway
Gudvangen   Norvegia (Gudvangen - Flåm) 11.428 km (7.101,0 mi) 1991 1 E16
Yunshan Tunnel   China (Shanxi) 11.408 km (7.088,6 mi)[k] 2014 2 G2516 Dongyin-Luliang Expressway
Eysturoyartunnilin Insulele Feroe 11.240 km (6.984,2 mi)[l] 2020 1[m]
Baojiashan Tunnel   China (Shaanxi) 11.200 km (6.959,4 mi)[n] 2009 [7] 2 G65 Baotou–Maoming Expressway
Folgefonna   Norvegia
(Odda - Eitrheim) 		11,15 km (6,9 mi) 2001 1 49
Kan-Etsu Tunnel   Japonia
(Gunma - Niigata) 		11.055 km (6.869,3 mi)[o] 1985[p] 2 Kan-Etsu Expressway
Inje-Yangyang Tunnel   Coreea de Sud
Gangwon-do) 		10.962 km (6.85 mi)[q] 2017 2 Seoul–Yangyang Expressway
Taihu   China
(Jiangsu - Wuxi) 		10,79 km (6,7 mi) 2021 2 Shanghai-Jiangsu Expressway
Hida   Japonia (Gifu) 10,71 km (6,7 mi) 2008 1 Tokai-Hokuriku Expressway
Toven Tunnel[8]   Norvegia 10.655 km (6.620,7 mi) 2014 1 78
Baotashan Tunnel[9]   China (Shanxi) 10.480 km (6.511,970 mi)[r] 2012 [10] 2 G2516 Dongyin-Luliang Expressway
Gran Sasso d'Italia   Italia (Abruzzo) 10.176 km (6.323,1 mi)[s] 1984[t] 2 A24
Plabutsch Tunnel   Austria 10.085 km (6.266,5 mi)[u] 1987[v] 2 A9/E57
Jondal Tunnel   Norvegia (Mauranger - Jondal) 10,05 km (6,2 mi) 2012 1 49
Nibashan Tunnel[w]   China (Sichuan) 10.007 km (6.218,1 mi)[x] 2012[11] 2 G5 Beijing–Kunming Expressway
Túneles de la M-30   Spania (Madrid) 9.9 km (6.2 mi) 2007 2[y] A-5, M-30
Guanshan   China (Gansu) 9.651 km (5.996,9 mi)[z] 2021 2 G8513 Pingliang-Mianyang Expressway
Tokyo Bay Aqua-Line   Japonia
(Tokyo Bay) 		9.576 km (5.950,3 mi)[aa] 1997 2 409
Mælefjell Tunnel
(Seljord-Hjartdal) 		  Norvegia 9.355 km (5.812,9 mi) 2019[12] 1 E134
Tunelul Lyshorn   Norvegia 9,3 km (5,8 mi) 2022 2 E39
Seelisberg   Elveția 9.292 km (5.773,8 mi) 1980 2 A2/E35
Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee   India
(Jammu & Kashmir) 		9,28 km (5,8 mi) 2017[13] 2 NH44
Laojieling Tunnel   China (Henan) 9.183 km (5.706 mi) 2021 2 Zhengzhou-Luanchuan Expressway
Vestfjarðagöng   Islanda
(Ísafjörður) 		9,12 km (5,7 mi) 1995 1[ab] Vestfjarðavegur
Atal Tunnel   India
(Himachal Pradesh) 		9,02 km (5,6 mi) 2020[14] 1 Leh–Manali Highway
NorthConnex   Australia
(Sydney) 		9,0 km (5,6 mi) 2020 2 M1 to M2 link
Kurigo Tunnel / 栗子トンネル   Japonia 8.972 km (5.574,9 mi) 2017 1 Tohoku Central Expressway
Tunelul fluviului Yangtze Shanghai   China (Shanghai) 8,95 km (5,6 mi)) 2009 [15] 2 G40 Shanghai–Xi'an Expressway
Tunnelul Karmøy   Norvegia 8,9 km (5,5 mi) 2013 1 553
Baoding #2 Tunnel   China (Sichuan) 8.775 km (5.453 mi) 2020 2 Panzhihua-Dali Expressway
Variante di Valico   Italia 8.703 (5.4) 2015[16] 2 Autostrada A1
Huangzhushan Tunnel   China (Fujian) 8.668 km (5.386,0 mi)[ac] 2015 2 G3 Beijing–Taipei Expressway
La Línea   Columbia 8.652 km (5.376,1 mi) 2020[17] 1 National Route 40
Tunnelul Enasan   Japonia (Alpii Japonezi) 8.646 km (5.372,4 mi) 1975[ad] 2 Chūō Expressway
Tunelul rutier Somport Franța - Spania (Pirinei) 8.608 km (5.348,8 mi) 2003 1 E07
Korgfjellet   Norvegia 8.568 km (5.323,9 mi) 2005 1 E6
Tianheshan Tunnel   China (Shanxi-Hebei) 8.511 km (5.288,5 mi)[ae] 2015 2 G2516 Dongyin-Luliang Expressway
Lowari Tunnel   Pakistan 8,5 km (5,3 mi)) 2017[18] 2 Dir-Chitral Road, N45
Cuiyunshan Tunnel   China (Hebei) 8,42 km (5,23 mi) 2021 2 S3801 Beijing-Chongli Expressway
Gleinalm Tunnel   Australia 8,32 km (5,2 mi) 1978 1 A9/E57
Tunel de Oriente   Columbia 8.229 km (5.1 mi) 2019 2 Medellin-Airport
Tunelul Steigen   Norvegia 8.079 km (5.020,1 mi) 1990 1 835
Jaeyaksan Tunnel   Coreea de Sud 7.982 km (4.959,8 mi) 2020 2 Hamyang-Ulsan Expressway / 함양울산고속도로
Sant' Antonio Morignone 7,96 km (4,9 mi) 2000 38
Tunelul Bømlafjord   Norvegia 7.931 km (4.928,1 mi) 2000 1 E39
Tunelul Rennsteig   Germania 7.916 km (4.918,8 mi) 2003 2 A71 (Germania)
Tunelul Karawanken Austria - Slovenia 7.864 km (4.886,5 mi) 1991 1 E61
Eiksund   Norvegia 7.765 km (4.824,9 mi) 2008 1 653
Tunelul Svartisen   Norvegia 7.615 km (4.731,7 mi) 1987 1 17
Tunelul Høyanger   Norvegia 7.543 km (4.687,0 mi) 1982 1 55
Norðfjarðargöng   Islanda 7.542 km (4.686,4 mi) 2017
Tunelul Vallavik   Norvegia 7,51 km (4,7 mi) 1985 1 13
Oppdølstrandtunnelen   Norvegia 7,43 km (4,6 mi) 2014 1 70
Åkrafjord   Norvegia 7,4 km (4,6 mi) 2000 1 E134
Vaðlaheiðargöng   Islanda 7,4 km (4,6 mi) 2018
Oslofjord   Norvegia 7,39 km (4,6 mi) 2000 1 E134
Tunelul Landeck   Austria 6.955 km (4.321,6 mi) 2000 1 180
Tunelul Nordkapp   Norvegia 6.875 km (4.271,9 mi) 1999 1 E69
Maurice Lemaire   Franța 6.872 km (4.270,1 mi) 1976[af] 1 N59
San Bernardino   Elveția 6.596 km (4.098,6 mi) 1967 1 A13/E43
Tunelul rutier Tauern   Austria 6.401 km (3.977,4 mi)[ag] 1975
2011 		2 A10/E55

Vezi și modificare

Note modificare

  1. ^ 17.540 km + 17.485 km
  2. ^ left tube 13,833 m, right tube 13,792 m
  3. ^ Left tube 13,654 m; Right tube13,570 m
  4. ^ left tube 13,433 m, right tube 13,381 m
  5. ^ left tube 13,122 m, right tube: 13,098 m
  6. ^ Tunnel section of KPE (8.13 km) and MCE (4.33 km) are contiguous, hence classified as one tunnel
  7. ^ Dual carriageway 12 Lanes of traffic (maximum width: 70m) with each direction separated only by a full-height wall, thus considered to be one tube
  8. ^ 12.290 km + 12.286 km
  9. ^ left tube: 11,764m, right tube: 11,775m
  10. ^ Left tube: 11,475m, Right tube: 11,520m, 1266m deep
  11. ^ left tube 11,408 m, right tube: 11,377 m
  12. ^ segments 7,5 km (4,7 mi), 2,2 km (1,4 mi) and 1,7 km (1,1 mi)
  13. ^ forked with roundabout and 3 segments
  14. ^ left tube 11,200m, right tube 11,195 m
  15. ^ the older tube 10,926 m
  16. ^ second tube opened in 1991
  17. ^ 10.965 km (Seoul bound, 10.962 km (Yangyang Bound)
  18. ^ left tube 10,192 m, right tube 10,480 m
  19. ^ the newer tube 10,173 m)
  20. ^ second tube opened in 1995
  21. ^ the older tube 9,755 m, the newer tube 10,085 m)
  22. ^ second tube opened in 2004
  23. ^ previous name is Daxiangling Tunnel
  24. ^ 10.007 km + 9.962 km
  25. ^ longest underground branch: W-E direction tube (Avenida de Portugal, M-30, Bypass sur)
  26. ^ left tube: 9,585m, right tube: 9,651m
  27. ^ two subsea tubes (second 9,583 m)
  28. ^ 3 branches connecting in a Y-junction inside the tunnel
  29. ^ left tube 8,668 m, right tube 8,631 m
  30. ^ second tube opened in 1985
  31. ^ left tube 8,511 m, right tube 8,477 m
  32. ^ în 1976 deschis ca tunel rutier, în 1937 inițial deschis ca tunel feroviar
  33. ^ the newer tube 6,392 m

Referințe modificare

  1. ^ Shougen Chen (). „Journal of Modern Transportation: Key technologies for construction of Jinping traffic tunnel with an extremely deep overburden and a high water pressure”. Journal of Modern Transportation. 19 (2): 94–103. doi:10.1007/BF03325746  . 
  2. ^ 锦屏水电枢纽工程锦屏山隧道 (în chineză). Arhivat din original la . Accesat în . 
  3. ^ „Son dakika... Ovit Tüneli hizmete girdi”. 
  4. ^ „狮子坪隧道可跑了！今天中午12点，汶马高速通车！ - 川观新闻”. cbgc.scol.com.cn (în chineză). Accesat în . 
  5. ^ [1] [nefuncțională]
  6. ^ „[山西]长平高速公路正式运营”. Arhivat din original la . Accesat în . 
  7. ^ „西康高速全线贯通 陕西提前两年实现市市通高速 - 新闻频道 - 西部网（陕西新闻网）WWW.CNWEST.COM”. News.cnwest.com. . Arhivat din original la . Accesat în . 
  8. ^ „Toven tunnel holing imminent - tunnelbuilder.com News”. Tunnelbuilder.com. . Accesat în . 
  9. ^ „Wegenwiki: Baotashan Tunnel”. Accesat în . 
  10. ^ „山西省交通运输厅”. Arhivat din original la . Accesat în . 
  11. ^ „雅西高速公路大相岭泥巴山隧道双向贯通-新闻频道-雅安北纬网”. Arhivat din original la . Accesat în . 
  12. ^ „Mælefjelltunnelen er åpnet”. . 
  13. ^ Ashiq, Peerzada (). „Swap terrorism for tourism, Modi tells Kashmiri youth”. The Hindu. 
  14. ^ News, Indian Defence. „9-km-long Atal Tunnel an engineering marvel”. Indian Defense News, Indian Armed Forces, IDRW, Defence. Accesat în . 
  15. ^ „上海长江隧桥通车_新浪上海_新浪网”. Sh.sina.com.cn. . Accesat în . 
  16. ^ „Aperta la Variante di valico sull'A1 - Toscana - il Tirreno”. . 
  17. ^ https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/09/04/world/americas/04reuters-colombia-tunnel.html Format:Bare URL inline
  18. ^ „Sharif to inaugurate Lowari tunnel today”. . 
Adus de la https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Listă_a_celor_mai_lungi_tuneluri_rutiere_din_lume&oldid=16067270